Brainwashing (excerpt)

Kathleen Taylor

Introduction: Cruelty in Context

I'the last night's storm I such a fellow saw,

Which made me think a man a worm.

[...]

As flies to wanton boys are we to the gods,

They kill us for their sport.

(William Shakespeare, King Lear)


The fearful asymmetry of birth and death


Human beings are difficult creatures to build. Until the recent promise of reproductive technology emerged to tantalise, and sometimes fulfil, the unhappily childless, new members joined the Homo sapiens club through only one mechanism: sex. And membership was far from guaranteed. Around three-quarters of women who conceive lose the pregnancy before they realise they are pregnant. Around a sixth of recognised pregnancies fail.[1] God may disapprove of abortion, as some of his followers claim, but nature seems to use it frequently. Even in the womb, that symbol of safety, we are fragile creatures, difficult to sustain, easily nudged across the border between life and death.[2]

When it comes to leaving Club Human the contrast is clear: one entrance, a myriad exits. Complex entities have more opportunities to malfunction, and as for your computer, so for you. Even among those humans who make it to babyhood, let alone adulthood, normality is hard to define and perfection impossible to achieve. All of us have our blemishes, some physical, some psychological, some visible, some less so. Among these knots in the weave are deadly faults. Christianity speaks of original sin and the resulting corruption, passed down from generation to generation, which brings ageing, pain and death to humankind. Modern science names our genes as the secular equivalent - bearers of an intricate and individual recipe for the bodily dysfunction which consumes us sooner or later, depending on how stressed we are, whether we smoke or drink alcohol, what we eat and how much exercise we take. Obvious physical problems with internal organs - heart or liver failure, cancers and immune disorders, genetic conditions, strokes or seizures, neurodegenerative disorders and blood clots - account for many of us. Infectious diseases remove many more. Then there are the less well understood but often lethal disorders we shove into the pigeonhole of 'mental illness': depression, schizophrenia, anorexia and suchlike. Our bodies may grow according to a standard template, but they can fail in an oppressive variety of ways. Human existence is framed by this fearful asymmetry between creation and destruction.

Notes

[1] See Boklage (1990). A large-scale study from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that, in 1996, 'An estimated 6,240,000 pregnancies resulted in a live birth, induced abortion, or fetal loss in the United States. Of these, 980000 (16%) resulted in fetal loss; 62% survived to term and 22% were aborted (Ventura et al., 1999).

[2] See Nuland (1994) for more on the basic mechanics of common kinds of death. With respect to violently inflicted deaths, any statistics cited should be treated with caution, especially when they refer to large-scale massacres. A major source for these numbers, R.J. Rummel's Death by Government (1994), describes them as 'fundamentally nothing short of wrong' (p. xviii), which is unsurprising given that record-keeping is not normally high on perpetrators' to-do lists. The numbers are given to provide some sense of the magnitude of the destruction involved.

Copyright Oxford University Press 2009.